1ºESO BILINGUAL: CORRECT UNIT 9, points 1 to 6

1.- What were the first civilizations?

The invention of writing

• When and where did writing appear? IT APEARED IN MESOPOTAMIA 5,000 YEARS AGO.

• What is the importance of the appearance of writing? IT MARKS THE END OF PREHISTORY, AND THE BEGINNING OF HISTORY.

• What was writing used for? IT WAS USED FOR STORING INFORMATION ABOUT TAXES, TRADE AND POPULATION.

The first civilizations

• Where and when did the first great civilizations appear? IN MESOPOTAMIA, EGYPT, INDIA AND CHINA AROUND 5,000 YEARS AGO.

• What is a river civilization? ITS A CIVILIZATION DEVELOPED ALONG LARGE RIVERS SURROUNDED BY FERTILE LAND.

• Name the four great civilizations and the rivers where they developed along.

MESOPOTAMIA: TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.

EGYPT: NILE

INDIA: INDUS RIVER

CHINA: HUAN HE (YELLOW RIVER) AND YANGTZE (BLUE RIVER)

• Make a diagram of the characteristics of the river civilizations.
• WE DID IT IN CLASS.
  

3.- What was Mesopotamian society like?

 

Classify the following social groups of Mesopotamia.

PRIVILEGED PEOPLE: ARISTOCRACY, PRIESTS, SCRIBES, CIVIL SERVANTS.

THE MAJORITY OF THE POPULATION: PEASANTS, CRAFTSMEN, WOMEN

Find the suitable word for the following definitions:

1. ARISTOCRACY
2. WOMEN
3. PRIESTS
4. PEASANTS
5. SCRIBES
6. ARISTOCRACY
7. PEASANTS
8. PRIESTS
9. PEASANTS
10. WOMEN
11. SCRIBES
12. SLAVES
13. CRAFTSMEN
14. PEASANTS

3.- What was Mesopotamian society like?

• Make a social pyramid of Mesopotamia. Read exercise 2 on page 100.

WE DID IT IN CLASS

4.- What was Mesopotamian culture like?

1. J
2. F
3. I
4. H
5. E
6. D
7. G
8. B
9. A
10. C

5.- WHY WAS THE NILE CRUCIAL TO ANCIENT EGYPT

Look at the map on page 102 and describe what places and monuments we

find in the Lower and Upper Egypt.

Lower Egypt: THE PYRAMIDS OF GIZA AND SAQQARA, THE CAPITAL OF MEMPHIS, THE TOMB OF AMARNA.

Upper Egypt: THE TOMBS OF THE VALLEY OF THE KINGS AND VALLEY OF THE QUEENS, THE CAPITAL OF THEBES AND THE TEMPLES OF KARNAK, LUXOR, EDFU AND ABU SIMBEL.

6.- Who were the pharaohs?

1. How long did Ancient Egypt last? IT LASTED ABOUT THREE THOUSAND YEARS.

2. How was the Egyptian king called? HE WAS CALLED PHARAOH.

3. How can you explain the fact that the pharaoh was all-powerful? HE PASSED LAWS, RULED THE COUNTRY, OWNED MOST OF THE LAND, CONTROLLED TRADE AND LED THE ARMIES.

4. What did Egyptians do as they thought pharaohs were gods? NOBODY COULD LOOK AT THE PHARAOH IN THE EYE OR TOUCH HIS BODY.

5. What magical powers did they think that pharaohs have? FOR EXAMPLE, THEY THOUGHT THAT PHARAOHS COULD MAKE THE WATERS OF THE NILE RISE.